Micro TESE (Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction) is a specialized surgical procedure used to retrieve sperm from the testicles of men who have non-obstructive azoospermia, a condition where sperm production is impaired and sperm is not present in the ejaculate. This procedure is particularly crucial for men who wish to father children through assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) with intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).

Understanding Non-Obstructive Azoospermia

Non-obstructive azoospermia occurs when the testicles produce little to no sperm due to various factors, including genetic conditions, hormonal imbalances, previous chemotherapy or radiation treatments, or unknown causes. Despite the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, small amounts of sperm may still be present within the testicular tissue, albeit in insufficient quantities to be ejaculated naturally.

Purpose of Micro TESE

Micro TESE aims to locate and extract viable sperm directly from the testicles. Unlike other sperm retrieval methods like traditional TESE or percutaneous sperm aspiration (PESA), micro TESE involves using high-powered surgical microscopes to identify and harvest sperm from specific areas of the testicular tissue where sperm production might be occurring.

Procedure

1. Pre-operative Evaluation:
Before the procedure, the patient undergoes a comprehensive evaluation, including physical examination, hormone testing, genetic screening, and sometimes testicular imaging (ultrasound or MRI) to assess the testicular structure.

2. Surgical Procedure:
Micro TESE is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes a small incision in the scrotum and exposes the testicle. Using a high-powered microscope, tiny tubules (seminiferous tubules) within the testicular tissue are examined meticulously to identify areas where sperm production is likely to occur. Small samples of tissue containing these tubules are then collected.

3. Sperm Retrieval:
The collected tissue samples are immediately examined under the microscope in the operating room by an embryologist. If sperm are found, they are extracted from the tissue for use in IVF with ICSI. The ability to retrieve sperm depends on various factors, including the severity of the underlying condition affecting sperm production.

4. Post-operative Care:
Recovery from micro TESE is generally quicker compared to other testicular surgeries. Patients may experience mild discomfort and swelling after the procedure, which typically resolves within a few days to weeks.

Success Rates and Considerations

Success rates for sperm retrieval with micro TESE vary depending on factors such as the underlying cause of azoospermia and the experience of the surgical team. Advances in microsurgical techniques have improved the chances of finding viable sperm, even in challenging cases.

Conclusion

Micro TESE is a specialized surgical technique that plays a critical role in helping men with non-obstructive azoospermia achieve biological fatherhood through assisted reproductive technologies. By carefully extracting small amounts of testicular tissue under magnification, micro TESE offers hope to couples pursuing IVF with ICSI, enabling them to realize their dreams of starting a family despite male infertility challenges. As with any medical procedure, it’s essential for patients to consult with fertility specialists to determine if micro TESE is appropriate and to understand the potential risks and benefits associated with the procedure.

Micro TESE Treatment in India

Make an Appointment?

Our Doctors

Dr. Ila Gupta

Dr. Abha Majumdar

Dr. Rita Bakshi

Dr. Prerna Gupta

Dr Nalini Mahajantor

Dr. Ila Gupta

Dr. Abha Majumdar

Dr. Rita Bakshi

Dr. Prerna Gupta

Dr Nalini Mahajantor

Dr. Ila Gupta

Dr. Abha Majumdar

Dr. Rita Bakshi